Cell theory- not proved but well supported not the final answer
Took a long time to develop the origin/evolution of cells
Cell wall
Took a long time to develop the origin/evolution of cells
- Eukaryotes reproduce by mitosis or meiosis
- Prokaryotes reproduce by asexual and binary fission
- Eukaryotes/Prokaryotes both have: plasma membrane (phospolipids-bilary), nucleus/nucleoid, cytoplasm (stuff floating inside the cell).
- Nucleus is very centralized (major difference) a true nucleus, membrane bound!
- Domain Eukarya has 4 kingdoms: Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia
- Membrane bound nucleus& organelles (compartments specialized to perform special functions) Very specialized/centralized.
- Endosymbiotic theory(unifies) how eukaryotes evolved from prokaryotes
- Mitochondria and Chloroplast got engulfed by the early eukaryote and stayed their permanently, not sure how it happened. When reproduced, it made cells with all these things basically incorporated/join the DNA coding making new eukaryote cell.
- Similiar to prokaryotes
- Different proteins
- Regulates passage of molecules in/out of cell
- Organelle membranes are similar
Cell wall
- No peptidoglycan
- Plants (cellulose) Protists (variety of types, some more) Fungi (chitin) Animals (most none)
- Support and protection.
- Diatom cell wall are protists, cell walls made of glass and very intricate: diatom shouldn't throw stones. They live in a glass house, ohoho.
Nucleus
- Chromatin-unwound chromosomes and they recoil into chromosomes.
- Divide cell cycles, chromatin floating inside.
- Made of rRNA and protein, 3 locations: free in cytoplasm, attached to ER (attached to the nucleus) , inside mitochondria/chloroplast (have their own ribosomes)
- Ribosomes important to growth/reproduction.
- In the nucleus there are ribosomes, nucleus sends (transcribe) mRNA and reads it; transported to single strand RNA.
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